メンタルヘルス

職場のストレスと3つのアプローチ法

職場のストレス要因

  • 仕事の量の負担
  • 自分でコントロールが難しい仕事
  • 役割のストレス
  • 対人関係のストレス
  • 労働環境などのストレス

職場でのいろいろな場面において、ストレス要因があります。このストレス要因を受けることにより、個人差がありますが、ストレス反応が出てきます。

ストレス反応

ストレス要因が、いくつも重なる。もしくは、継続的にストレス要因がかかることにより、ストレス反応として

  • ドキドキする
  • 眠れない
  • 頭痛がするなど

心と体の反応が現れてきます。そのストレス反応が続くことにより、うつ病や適応障害、心臓病等の疾病や障害になり、働けなくなる。ことに繋がっていきます。

ストレス要因→ストレス反応→病気（働けなくなる）

この流れをとめるものとして、3つのアプローチ方法をご紹介します。

3つのアプローチ方法

  1. 個人のストレス対策（セルフケア）
  2. 管理監督者の教育研修（ラインケア）
  3. 職場環境改善

の3つがあります。

個人のストレス対策（セルフケア）

この名前の通り、ストレスを自分で受け流すことができるようにすることです。自分でストレスを受け流すようになるには、会社でセルフケア研修を行うと効果的です。

同じストレスでも、一人一人感じ方、受け方が違います。自分が何をストレスに感じているのか、早い段階で気づき、ストレスを受け流す手法を、社員全員が学ぶことにより、ストレスを貯めこまないようにしていきます。

管理監督者の教育研修（ラインケア）

管理監督者の教育研修の中に、部下のストレスマネジメント研修等を取り入れ、部下の状態を把握し、いつもと違う場合は、早期に上司が気づき、声をかけ相談にのる。必要に応じて、病院等の専門機関につなげていくという、上司が行う部下のメンタルヘルスマネジメントについて学び、職場で実践することがラインケアになります。

職場環境改善

ストレスチェックの職場診断の結果をもとに、自分たちの職場で、どのような問題があるか把握し、その問題について、その職場で働いている人たちが、どうしたら改善されるのか話し合い、解決策を見つけていきます。またその解決策を実際に行い、結果どうだったのか、評価し、必要に応じて改善する、ＰＤＣＡサイクルにて行うことが大切です。

まとめ

職場のストレスにおいてはこの3つのアプローチを行うと効果的です。

また、ストレスを減らす、うつ病などの休職者を減らす目的から、スタートしますが、この3つのアプローチを継続的に行うことにより、いきいきと活気のある職場環境を作ることにもつながります。最終的にはいきいきと活気のある職場になれば、メンタル不調者がでないのはもちろんのこと、ワークエンゲージメントが高く、生産性の高い職場へと変わるかと思いますので、この3つのアプローチを是非行ってみてください。

ＷＡＫ産業看護オフィスはこの3つアプローチについても、対応できますので、是非ご相談ください。

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